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Korean Grammar Beginner -Listing and Contrast- (1): A/V-고

I. Examples

The suffix -고 is used to enumerate two or more actions, facts or states. It is equivalent to the conjunction ‘and’ in English. This suffix is affixed to verb and adjective stems. Additionally, -고 serves to convey that the action in the first clause transpired before the action in the second clause, akin to ‘and (then)’ in English.

<Example 1>

<Example 2>

II. Grammar Point

1. Transformation Examples

-고 is added after the stem of the verb in its base form. For example, 커요 and 큽니다 are derived forms of 크다. Therefore, to connect 커요 or 큽니다 with 그리고 (which means ‘and’ in English), you add -고 to the stem of 크다, resulting in 크고.

A. Verbs

B. Adjectives

2. Used When Listing

3. ‘and (then)’ in English

-고 indicates that the action in the first clause happened prior to the action in the second clause. Please note that tense is indicated only in the second clause, not the first. In this case, the preceding clause takes the form of A/V-고 regardless of tense.

4. N도 V고 N도 V

When talking about two or more facts about one subject, the form ‘N도 V하고 N도 V’ is used. You can think of it as an extension of the usage of the particle ‘N도’. Let’s try to understand this more clearly through the examples below.

III. Practice

IV. See More

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